ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research is to compare Turkey and the countries of Japan, South Korea and Russia with high success in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study -TIMSS-2019 exam, in terms of the preparedness of schools, teachers and students for the Covid 19 period and to make suggestions for Turkey. In the research, document analysis method, a qualitative research method, was used. The research population consists of 38 countries that are members of -OECD- the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. As a sample, Turkey and the OECD countries Japan, South Korea and Russia, which were successful in the 2019 TIMSS research, were selected. The countries of Japan, South Korea and Russia achieved success by scoring above the OECD average in science and mathematics at 4th and 8th grades in the TIMSS 2019 survey. Therefore, the type of sampling is criterion sampling. Research data were obtained from international reports and statistics. Thus, it is seen that there is no problem of validity and reliability of the data. As a result of the research, when evaluated in terms of the preparedness of schools for the Covid 19 period;School principals in Turkey think that insufficient internet in schools does not hinder education to a large extent. However, it is understood that school principals in Japan think that insufficient internet affects education negatively, higher than the OECD average. When examined in terms of teachers, it is seen that teachers in Turkey and Russia think that they are good in -ICT- information and communication technologies skills. In terms of teachers' openness to change, Japan and South Korea were below the OECD average, while Russia and Turkey were found to be above the OECD average. When evaluated in terms of students, it is seen that while the rate of students' computer ownership in Turkey and Japan is below the OECD average, it is above the OECD average in South Korea and Russia.
ABSTRACT
Favipiravir, a selective RNA polymerase inhibitor agent, is an antiviral drug currently used effectively in treating pandemic diseases such as Covid-19. The present study aims to determine the effects of favipiravir use on bone marrow and blood cells. Twelve male Wistar rats were divided into two groups, namely control and favipiravir groups. Physiological saline at a dose of 1 ml/kg was administered to the rats in the control group by oral gavage for 10 days. Rats in the favipiravir group were administered favipiravir by oral gavage at a dose of 200 mg/kg for 10 days. At the end of the study, the blood tissue was collected from the heart, and bone marrow samples were collected from the femur bone of the rats sacrificed under anesthesia. The hematologic parameters in the blood samples obtained were measured using an auto-analyzer device with the help of rat compatible kits. Bone marrow cell counts were performed by examining structural changes and myeloid and erythroid cell series in the smear samples. The results obtained in the study revealed that favipiravir use caused a decrease in the counts of some hematologic parameters containing erythrocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes. In addition, it was determined that the ratio of myeloid and erythroid cells in bone marrow smears changed significantly with the use of favipiravir. It was concluded that treatment with favipiravir caused suppression of erythrocyte and some leukocyte series. The suppressor effects were also determined in bone marrow cell series in the rats.